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AppleWorks Document | 1986-01-24 | 25KB | 419 lines

O=====|====|====|====|====|====|====|====|====|====|====|====|====|====|====|=== ROBERT J. NETRO 1606 GREENWAY RD SE NORTH CANTON, OHIO (216) 497-7540 January 15, 1986 Mr. Jim Willis 1300 Hinton St. West Monroe, LA 71291 Dear Jim: EThe concept of regional TAWUGS is of course feasible however certain questions arise: 1. How many? % 2. Do they operate seperately?I G 3. If not who coordinates? This could be even more work than now exists.G 4. Do all contributions end up on master disks available to all?P N 5. Have you considered contacting some existing groups, e.g. B.R.A.C. or F DIAC? Most current TAWUG members probably belong to either or both D Bof these organizations. I noted where BRAC offered to distribute ! some of the disks at disk cost.I G 6. The Q-mar Group in San Diego which recently started to publish D B"AppleWorks Exclusive Reference," is a third possibility although 7 this would open a new dimension which I will discuss.N L 7. What is the general status of contributions and request for disks? H FBy this I'm curious about current member followup. Do most stay with you, etc.? HLet me follow up on some of these questions. First, you really started O Msomething worthwhile! It is a concept which deserves distribution to a much O Mlarger membership which I realize is more than you or most other individuals @ would wish to handle especially under the "no dues" structure. JSecond, for the membership to increase advertising will be required. The I Gorganizations cited above can easily do this within the bulletins they O Mpublish. I noted in an ad that there are over 800,000 AppleWorks users. If M Kthe number was correct at that time, it could well be over a million now. O MLetters to the Editors of Apple related magazines could be used to publicize 1 TAWUG and pick up new members and contributors. JThird, assuming both membership and contributions increase, it would mean L Jsome screening of inputs to improve the overall quality. Yes this sounds L Jsomewhat egalitarian however I think you would agree there have been some M Koutstanding files and certainly some which wasted space. Probably some of M Kthis is in the mind of the beholder however a memo about a Group's meeting I (already passed) doesn't compare to Roger Vancil's logorithm templates. HFourth, a few comments on Q-mar's publication. They have published two O Missues and I sent you a critique on No.1. I have communicated with them and J Hfind they do react to criticism. Issue No.2 was improved however still N Llacking. They told me they have cut the price from $48.00 to $39.95 for 12 O Missues. With the present type of content and quality that is still somewhat M Khigh! From changes made in Issue 2 however I have a feeling future issues F Dwill be better. They are planning a hotline to handle AW technical K Iquestions. Also they plan to sell AW templates and supposedly will soon O Mpublish a catalog of offerings. This company might be interested in picking O Mup the concept however as I said it would involve a new dimension -- that is O M"a relatively expensive one." I mention them not as a recommendation but in O Man attempt to look at more than the obvious. This is a group which at least specializes in AppleWorks! LFifth, my recommendation would be see if BRAC will take over. Their annual M Kfee is only $12 and they could establish an AppleWorks Disk-of-the-Month Bsimilar to the concept they currently use for their DOS 3.3 Basic N Lcontributions. They have 1000's of members, a disk production line, and an M Kadministrative setup to handle the mailings, etc. As a starter they might K Iproduce a few double sided disks called "The Best of TAWUG Disks 1-18." L JArbitrarily, I can conceive of editing Disks 1-18 to 2-3 DS Disks. Files P Nwhich are dated, add little to meaningful concepts, contain member lists, etc M Kcould be left out. Then they could easily garner enough material for a DS K IDOM. A price of $5.00 @ or six for $25.00 would match their current DOM M Kprice structure. I would gladly pay that much especially if each disk was M Ksubjected to some editing. When you consider they provide the Disk mailer N Land postage along with the cost of a disk, this reduces the average cost of * each side to about 71 cents (See Below): 6 Double Sided Disks at $1.50 @ $ 9.00@ 6 Mailers and postage at $1.25 a set 7.50 $16.50 Then: $25.00 - 16.50 $ 8.50 Divided by 12 means $.71 per side for content. LFinally, If you decide to regionalize good luck. Although I will attempt L Jto contribute it is currently impractical to assume responsibility for an N Larea. A long story is envolved so I won't go into the reasons. Enough for N Lnow and please let me know if there is any way I can help other than taking & over a region for which I apologize. Sincerely yours, Bob NetroE =================================================================== From: Robert J. Netro 1606 Greenway Rd SE North Canton, OH 44709 (216) 497-7540 SUBJ: APPLE MARKET SHARE MAs a matter of some interest inCider Magazine published figures from a study O Mdone in 1984 which although not current reflects a reasonable picture of how C Apple Computers are positioned compared to other well known PC's. ==============================================================> PURPOSE-----> EDUCATION BUS/PROF HOBBYIST SCIENTIFIC SINGLE> ======== USER OR? SMALL BUS@ ==============================================================6 COMPUTER PERCENTAGES OF MARKET SHARE@ --------------------------------------------------------------@ APPLE 65.90 13.50 29.60 20.70 22.90@ IBM 4.00 25.30 8.70 17.70 19.70@ TANDY 5.80 9.70 15.50 10.30 15.70+ COMMODORE 7.10 2.20 26.106 HEWLET-PACKARD 30.40+ T.I. 8.50 ATARI 3.90@ OTHERS ** 13.30 49.30 11.60 20.90 41.70@ ______ ______ ______ ________ _______@ TOTALS 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 ** OTHERS3 INCLUDE: KAYPRO,DEC,OSBORNE,VICTOR,FRANKLIN. ============================================================== From: Robert J. Netro 1606 Greenway Rd SE North Canton, OH 44709 (216) 497-7540 SUBJ: Possible Tax Benefits of Mortgage Payoff GFor those who can consider a mortgage payoff there can be considerable N Lbenefit. Those who are not in this position currently may have a friend or P Nrelative who is. It could mean a shift for income tax purposes of taking the F Dstandard deduction and not itemizing. Three primary factors in the calculations are: E * Only a part of the interest payment is serving as a real tax H Fdeduction as each individual or two persons filing jointly has (have) F Da standard deduction with or without other deductions. Forthcoming ? =tax reform seems to be promising an increase in the standard ? deduction which will make this phenomina even more pervasive. L * The typically high interest rates on real property generally exceed ? the rate at which discretionary funds can safely earn income. G * The Tax Reform Act under proposal may include provisions which " disallow certain tax deductions. IAssume a couple has a $50,000 note on their home at 12% APR. The annual M Kinterest this year would be between $5,500 -$6,000 depending on the term. I GAssume they have at least $50,000 invested in CD's, Mutual Funds, etc. D earning an average of 8%. Also assume the "other" deductions are: * Donations $300.00 E * Medical & Dental - None. Due to insurance coverage even the D unreimbursed expenses fail to meet the 5% of adjusted income rule. * Property Taxes - $500.00 * State and Local Taxes -$500.00 * Misc. - $200.00 TOTAL - $1500.00 NUnder current regulations, the couple have a standard deduction of $3400.00. K ITherefore using the low end of mortgage interest or $5500 plus $1500 for H F"other" gives us $7000 to deduct. This is really only $3600 over the K Istandard deduction. On the other hand they are paying full taxes on the O Minvestment income or in our example $4,000 of income ($50,000 X 8% ). At a @ marginal tax rate of 25% they would have a picture as follows: CURRENT PROPOSED * Benefit from 900 Zero Itemizing * Tax on Investment -1000 Zero Income * Interest Expense -5500 Zero * Investment Income 4000 Zero Net Cost 1600 Zero GIf State and Local taxes are not deductible, if the standard deduction P Nincreases, if the marginal tax rate is higher, if the actual interest expense O Mis lower, etc., the Net Cost increases. Of course if "other" deductions are J Hhigher the net cost would decrease, however it may be advisable to work M Ktoward cutting some of these where discretionary. It is worth noting that M Kpart of donations and political contributions have tax benefits outside of J Hitemizing. Also by lowering investment income more than the deductions N Lforegone, ultimate income taxes would further be lowered for state and many local tax juridictions. LEach person (couple) might apply their own situation to both alternatives. 1 The results could be surprising and beneficial. GOOD LUCK!@ ============================================================== From: Robert J. Netro 1606 Greenway Rd SE North Canton, OH 44709 (216) 497-7540 SUBJ: FIRSTOFAMERICA File On TAWUG File 18 NIt is always great to see SS and DB applications which members can employ for C Atheir own purposes. Sides 17/18 contained several. One of them O M"FIRSTOFAMERICA" is a SS file involving amortization. The developer remains N Lunidentified so to "Whom It May Concern" a few comments are made here and a M Knew Spreadsheet file named "FirstAmerica.II" was fashioned to show certain 8 changes made and hopefully to be even more functional. NThe first image shows a part of the existing file. It has no entries and the / ERROR indication comes from dividing by zero: ===============================================================( AMORTIZATION TABLEA =============================================================== Loan Summary ------------ Loan Amount Interest Rate Loan Term Monthly Payment ERRORA =============================================================== Loan Activity -------------A INTEREST PRINCIPAL RESID.BALA -------- --------- ---------A Loan Begins 0 0 0A 1984 Month 1 0 ERROR ERRORA Month 2 ERROR ERROR ERRORA Month 3 ERROR ERROR ERRORA Month 4 ERROR ERROR ERRORA Month 5 ERROR ERROR ERROR IThe next image was gained by inputing loan information and calculating. O MFirst, it is usually recommended that one change the default command in a SS G Eto calculate manually vice automatic. As the files grow in size and H Fcomplexity the reasons become obvious. Second, note that ERROR still O Mappears. In this template it took a seperate OA-K to calculate each month's L Jdata. The results shown are after one OA-K operation. There are ways to K Icorrect this problem which I will explain later. Third, why limit to 24 N Lpayment periods? Most car loans run 3-4 years and real estate notes may be scheduled for up to 30 years. ===============================================================( AMORTIZATION TABLEA =============================================================== Loan Summary ------------ Loan Amount 1000 Interest Rate .1 Loan Term 24 Monthly Payment 46.14492A =============================================================== Loan Activity -------------A INTEREST PRINCIPAL RESID.BALA -------- --------- ---------A Loan Begins 0 0 1000A 1984 Month 1 0 46.14492 953.8550A Month 2 ERROR ERROR ERRORA Month 3 ERROR ERROR ERROR several things now. Try to format values in a meaningful manner. For O Mexample generally two decimal places will handle the normal financial file. L JThis can be done during setup using the global OA-V command and following N Linstructions. I would recommend setting the interest rate to three decimal N Lplaces to handle a rate like 10.5% or .105. Having set the "global" values P Nto 2 places would avoid the 4 and 5 place results above which are unrealistic J Hand cluttering. For those who feel you have greater accuracy with more $ decimal places showing "taint so." The next image followed a few modifications namely: 1. Changed decimal place format as discussed above. K 2. Changed the term to 6 months to show another point. This is that C Aunless you have a way too cut the calculations off, negative and 9 possibly overfow results will occur. Both happen here! K 3. Changed the number of payments to 36 and showed when in the first B @year the first payment started. Also labeled each month of the D Bpayment schedule with it's calender equilivalent. This is fairly F Dsimple with copying procedures in AW. Also, the number of payments H Fin model design should be at least 5-6 years for practical purposes. D BEven in the case of real estate amortizations the first few years G Emay be sufficient for practical purposes. If the loan exists longer ! it is easy to extend the model. J 4. Finally, in a model like this one once you have gone through the > <cycle of calculations, new numbers will go through the full $ calculation process with one OA-K.A ===============================================================( AMORTIZATION TABLEA =============================================================== Loan Summary ------------ Loan Amount 1000.00 Interest Rate .100 Loan Term(Months) 6 Monthly Payment 171.56A =============================================================== Loan Activity -------------A INTEREST PRINCIPAL RESID.BALA -------- --------- ---------A Loan Begins 0.00 0.00 1000.00A Mar 84 1 8.33 163.23 836.77A Apr 2 6.97 164.59 672.18A May 3 5.60 165.96 506.22A Jun 4 4.22 167.34 338.88A Jul 5 2.82 168.74 170.14A Aug 6 1.42 170.14 .00A Sep 7 .00 171.56 -171.56A Oct 8 -1.43 172.99 -344.55A Nov 9 -2.87 174.43 -518.99A Dec 10 -4.32 175.89 -694.87A Jan 85 11 -5.79 177.35 -872.22A Feb 12 -7.27 178.83 -1051.05A Mar 13 -8.76 180.32 -1231.37A Apr 14 -10.26 181.82 -1413.20A May 15 -11.78 183.34 -1596.53A Jun 16 -13.30 184.87 -1781.40A Jul 17 -14.85 186.41 -1967.81A Aug 18 -16.40 187.96 -2155.77A Sep 19 -17.96 189.53 -2345.29A Oct 20 -19.54 191.11 -2536.40A Nov 21 -21.14 192.70 -2729.10A Dec 22 -22.74 194.30 -2923.40A Jan 86 23 -24.36 195.92 -3119.32A Feb 24 -25.99 197.56 -3316.88A Mar 25 -1658.44 1830.00 -5146.88A Apr 26 -2487.66 2659.22 -7806.10A May 27-38053.18 38224.74 -46030.84A Jun 28-38053.18 38224.74 -84255.58A Jul 29-38053.18 38224.74 #########A Aug 30-38053.18 38224.74 #########A Sep 31-38053.18 38224.74 #########A Oct 32-38057.35 38228.91 #########A Nov 33-38060.83 38232.39 #########A Dec 34-56262.01 56433.57 #########A Jan 87 35-72162.87 72334.44 #########A Feb 36-85386.68 85558.25 ######### TOTALS ######### 490717.36 LIn the next image these discrepacies will be corrected including adding one H Fof many available "cut-off" techniques. This method is to employ @IF P Nfunctions in several formuli. The explanation will follow the printout which Q Ois done in two parts to save space by leaving out some middle "zero" results. P NAlso I've put Total Interest and Principal paid under the monthly payment for P Nreference. If the term of the loan is longer than 3 years, these totals will N Lonly cover the 3 years. As the Interest and Principal totals come from the M Kbottom of the program, you must use OA-K twice to get these numbers picked ===============================================================( AMORTIZATION TABLEA =============================================================== Loan Summary ------------ Loan Amount 1000.00 Interest Rate .100 Loan Term(Months) 64 Monthly Payment 171.56 ==============4 Total Interest 29.37 <------ Use OA-K twice4 Total Principal 1000.00 <------ ==============A =============================================================== Loan Activity -------------A INTEREST PRINCIPAL RESID.BALA -------- --------- ---------A Loan Begins 0.00 0.00 1000.00A Mar 84 1 8.33 163.23 836.77A Apr 2 6.97 164.59 672.18A May 3 5.60 165.96 506.22A Jun 4 4.22 167.34 338.88A Jul 5 2.82 168.74 170.14A Aug 6 1.42 170.14 .00A Sep 7 .00 0.00 .00A Oct 8 .00 0.00 .00A Nov 9 .00 0.00 .00A Dec 10 .00 0.00 .007 --------------------------------------------7 The middle part of the template was ommitted7 --------------------------------------------A Sep 31 .00 0.00 .00A Oct 32 .00 0.00 .00A Nov 33 .00 0.00 .00A Dec 34 .00 0.00 .00A Jan 87 35 .00 0.00 .00A Feb 36 .00 0.00 .00 TOTALS 29.37 1000.00 CUTOFF Explanation. The formuli under both the Interest and Principal J columns were changed. Originally, Interest was computed by the formula: (C8/12)*G15 Jwhich multiplied the previous balance (G15) by the monthly Interest Rate O M(.10/12). As the balance dropped to "zero" and below, our friendly computer O Mcalculated away even though the loan was paid off. To correct this, replace the formula with: @IF(G15<=.01,0,(C8/12*G15) HWhich means " If the previous balance is less tha or equal to 0.01, the N LInterest = 0, otherwise use the original formula. For the Principal column I Gsomething similar was done. Of course these were replicated down each column. IThe final printout will show an additional feature. If the loan term is L Jlonger than the number of payments in the schedule, the Loan Summary will O Mshow a positive amount in the category "Principal Left." The example is for O Ma 4 year loan and our schedule only goes 3 years. Therefore you will find a O Mremainder of $1153.95 of the original $4000.00. To accomplish this we asked P Nfor a minimum amount in the column labeled "RESID.BAL." If the loan was paid M Kin full, the amount would be zero. This can be very handy to show someone N Lthe amount of a balloon payment given, in this case, three years to pay but A the amortization over 4 years to make monthly payments smaller. KFINAL NOTES: The file "FirstAmerica.II" is left in the mode shown in this I Gexample. Also please note in reviewing this file that it is protected L Jcompletely with exception of 3 cells which allow entry of "values only." I GThese partially protected cells allow entry of loan information. This O Mconcept is recommended to avoid anyone from destroying valuable construction A inadvertently. Yes, it even pays to protect yourself from you! ===============================================================( AMORTIZATION TABLEA =============================================================== Loan Summary ------------ Loan Amount 4000.00 Interest Rate .100 Loan Term(Months) 48> Monthly Payment 101.45 ========================9 Total Interest Pd 806.16 <------ As these values are= Total Principal Pd 2846.05 <------ computed last, use OA-K> Principal Left 1153.95 <------ twice to update results.> ========================A =============================================================== Loan Activity -------------A INTEREST PRINCIPAL RESID.BALA -------- --------- ---------A Loan Begins 0.00 0.00 4000.00A Mar 84 1 33.33 68.12 3931.88A Apr 2 32.77 68.68 3863.20 GThere are many additional features which can make such a template more N functional and more general however that will have to wait for another time. HA few of these would include: skipped payments, late payment penalties, L Jballoon payments, constant principal payments, interest paid in each year 6 tax purposes), adjustable interest rates, etc.